| Millennium: | 2nd millennium | 
|---|---|
| Centuries: | |
| Decades: | |
| Years: | 
| 1291 by topic | |
| Leaders | |
| Political entities - State leaders - Religious leaders | |
| Birth and death categories | |
| Births – Deaths | |
| Establishments and disestablishments categories | |
| Establishments – Disestablishments | |
| Art and literature | |
| 1291 in poetry | |
| Gregorian calendar | 1291 MCCXCI | 
| Ab urbe condita | 2044 | 
| Armenian calendar | 740 ԹՎ ՉԽ | 
| Assyrian calendar | 6041 | 
| Bengali calendar | 698 | 
| Berber calendar | 2241 | 
| English Regnal year | 19 Edw. 1 – 20 Edw. 1 | 
| Buddhist calendar | 1835 | 
| Burmese calendar | 653 | 
| Byzantine calendar | 6799–6800 | 
| Chinese calendar | 庚寅年 (Metal Tiger) 3987 or 3927 — to — 辛卯年 (Metal Rabbit) 3988 or 3928 | 
| Coptic calendar | 1007–1008 | 
| Discordian calendar | 2457 | 
| Ethiopian calendar | 1283–1284 | 
| Hebrew calendar | 5051–5052 | 
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1347–1348 | 
| - Shaka Samvat | 1212–1213 | 
| - Kali Yuga | 4391–4392 | 
| Holocene calendar | 11291 | 
| Igbo calendar | 291–292 | 
| Iranian calendar | 669–670 | 
| Islamic calendar | 689–691 | 
| Japanese calendar | Shōō 4 (正応4年) | 
| Javanese calendar | 1201–1202 | 
| Julian calendar | 1291 MCCXCI | 
| Korean calendar | 3624 | 
| Minguo calendar | 621 before ROC 民前621年 | 
| Nanakshahi calendar | −177 | 
| Thai solar calendar | 1833–1834 | 
Year 1291 (MCCXCI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.