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Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon

The Right Honourable
The Earl of Avon
KG MC PC
Sir Anthony-Eden number 10 Official.jpg
Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
In office
6 April 1955 – 10 January 1957
Monarch Elizabeth II
Preceded by Sir Winston Churchill
Succeeded by Harold Macmillan
Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom
In office
26 October 1951 – 6 April 1955
Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill
Preceded by Herbert Morrison
Succeeded by Rab Butler
Leader of the Conservative Party
In office
6 April 1955 – 10 January 1957
Preceded by Sir Winston Churchill
Succeeded by Harold Macmillan
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
In office
28 October 1951 – 7 April 1955
Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill
Preceded by Herbert Morrison
Succeeded by Harold Macmillan
In office
22 December 1940 – 26 July 1945
Prime Minister Winston Churchill
Preceded by The Viscount Halifax
Succeeded by Ernest Bevin
In office
22 December 1935 – 20 February 1938
Prime Minister
Preceded by Sir Samuel Hoare, Bt
Succeeded by The Viscount Halifax
Leader of the House of Commons
In office
November 1942 – 26 July 1945
Prime Minister Winston Churchill
Preceded by Sir Stafford Cripps
Succeeded by Herbert Morrison
Secretary of State for War
In office
11 May 1940 – 22 December 1940
Prime Minister Winston Churchill
Preceded by Oliver Stanley
Succeeded by David Margesson
Secretary of State for Dominion Affairs
In office
3 September 1939 – 14 May 1940
Prime Minister
Neville Chamberlain
Winston Churchill
Preceded by Sir Thomas Inskip
Succeeded by The Viscount Caldecote
Lord Privy Seal
In office
June 1934 – 7 June 1935
Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald
Preceded by Stanley Baldwin
Succeeded by The Marquess of Londonderry
Member of Parliament
for Warwick and Leamington
In office
6 December 1923 – 10 January 1957
Preceded by Ernest Pollock
Succeeded by John Hobson
Personal details
Born Robert Anthony Eden
(1897-06-12)12 June 1897
Windlestone Hall,
Rushyford, County Durham, England
Died 14 January 1977(1977-01-14) (aged 79)
Alvediston, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England
Resting place Churchyard of St Mary's, Alvediston
Nationality British
Political party Conservative
Spouse(s)
Children
Alma mater Christ Church, Oxford
Profession Member of Parliament
Religion Anglican
Military service
Allegiance  United Kingdom
Service/branch  British Army
Years of service 1915–1919, 1920–1923, 1939
Rank Major
Unit King's Royal Rifle Corps
Durham Light Infantry
Battles/wars

World War I

Awards Military Cross
a. ^ Office vacant from 6 April 1955 to 13 July 1962.

World War I

Robert Anthony Eden, 1st Earl of Avon, KG, MC, PC (12 June 1897 – 14 January 1977) was a British Conservative politician who served three periods as Foreign Secretary and then a relatively brief term as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1955 to 1957.

Achieving rapid promotion as a young Member of Parliament, he was Foreign Secretary at the age of 38, before resigning in protest at Neville Chamberlain's appeasement policy towards Mussolini's Italy. He again held that position for most of the Second World War, and a third time in the early 1950s. Having been Winston Churchill's deputy for almost 15 years, he succeeded him as Prime Minister in 1955, and a month later won a general election.

His worldwide reputation as an opponent of appeasement, a "Man of Peace", and a skilled diplomat was overshadowed in 1956 when the United States refused to support the Anglo-French military response to the Suez Crisis, which critics across party lines regarded as an historic setback for British foreign policy, signalling the end of British predominance in the Middle East. Most historians argue that he made a series of blunders, especially not realising the depth of U.S. opposition to military action. Two months after ordering an end to the Suez operation he resigned as Prime Minister on grounds of ill health, and because he was widely suspected of having misled the House of Commons over the degree of "collusion" with France and Israel.


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