Can Pech, Cun Pech, Kaan Pech, or Kaan Peech, was the name of a Maya chiefdom of the southwestern Yucatán Peninsula, before the arrival of the Spanish conquistadors in the sixteenth century. Can Pech was south of Ah Canul and north of Chakán Putum, on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico. In 1517 the population of the capital city Campeche was approximately 36,000 (judging by the description of the city by Bernal Diaz del Castillo).

In Yucatec Kaan Peech means snake tick. Can Pech was founded by Ah k'iin peech. Ah Kin or Ah K'iin being a rank of priest.

During the Preclassic and Classic period, around the area of Can Pech, important cities and towns were built. They include Becan, Edzná, Dzibilinocac, Alimochei, Jaina, Nadzcaan, Balamkú, Calakmul, Xcalumkín, Kankí, Chunhuhub, Xtampac, and Hochob. Most of these places were part of the Puuc polity.

In the early 900s the Toltecs took control over northern Yucatán. After the Toltecs left, the League of Mayapan became the main power in the area in 987.

In 1441 a civil war broke out between the Cocom and the Tutul-Xiu. The war was powerful enough that by 1461 the League had completely broken up into several different countries called Kuchkabal. It was during this time that Ah k'iin peech founded Can Pech.

On March 22, 1517 a Spanish ship docked in Campeche city. The Spaniards traded for water with the Maya there.

Missed the water and we had to jump ashore with the people, and was a Sunday of Lazarus, and this cause proceeded to that town name Lazarus, and so is the sea charts, and the proper name of Indian Campeche said ... And was there a good water well, where the natives of that population drank in those lands because, as we have seen there are no rivers, and took the pipes to fill them with water, and turn to the ships. And as they were full and wanted us to ship, came the people work fifty Indians, with good cotton blankets and peace, and what appeared should be caciques, and tell us by signs what we wanted and gave them to understand that water and then go to the ships, and we noted with hands if we came from where the sun rises and said "Castilan", "Castilan" and not look in lecture about "Castilan" - True History of the Conquest of New Spain, Bernal Díaz del Castillo

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