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Earth Observing-1

Earth Observing-1
Earth Observing-1.jpg
Mission type Earth observation
Operator NASA / GSFC
COSPAR ID 2000-075A
SATCAT no. 26619
Website eo1.gsfc.nasa.gov
Mission duration Planned: 1 year
Elapsed: 16 years, 4 months, 2 days
Spacecraft properties
Manufacturer Swales Aerospace
Northrop Grumman
Launch mass 573 kilograms (1,263 lb)
Start of mission
Launch date 21 November 2000, 18:24:25 (2000-11-21UTC18:24:25Z) UTC
Rocket Delta II 7320-10C
Launch site Vandenberg SLC-2W
Orbital parameters
Reference system Geocentric
Regime Sun-synchronous
Semi-major axis 7,058 kilometres (4,386 mi)
Eccentricity 7.0691365E-4
Perigee 690.0 kilometers (428.7 mi)
Apogee 700.0 kilometers (435.0 mi)
Inclination 97.503 degrees
Period 98.7 minutes
Instruments
Advanced Land Imager (ALI)
Hyperspectral Imager (Hyperion)
Atmospheric Corrector

The Earth Observing-1 Mission (EO-1) satellite is part of NASA's New Millennium Program (NMP), to develop and validate a number of instrument and spacecraft bus breakthrough technologies designed to enable the development of future earth imaging observatories that will have a significant increase in performance while also having reduced cost and mass.

Its Advanced Land Imager (ALI) measures nine different wavelengths simultaneously, instead of the seven measured by the imager in Landsat 7. This permits a greater flexibility in false-color imagery. Another improvement is that instead of having an imaging spectrometer that sweeps from side to side, the ALI has a linear array of spectrometers that each scan a strip of ground parallel to that of adjacent spectrometers. In order to compare the two imagers, EO-1 follows Landsat 7 in its orbit by exactly one minute. Other new technologies include:

EO-1 has also been used to test new software, like the Autonomous Sciencecraft Experiment. This allows the spacecraft to decide for itself how best to create a desired image. It is only limited by a priority list of different types of images, and by forecasts of cloud cover provided by the NOAA.

It was expected to function for twelve months and was designed to function for eighteen months. Those expectations were greatly exceeded however the hydrazine fuel was mostly depleted in February 2011. Small maneuvers have been successful for debris avoidance but long duration burns for orbit maintenance are not being performed due to insufficient fuel.



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