Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary
| Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary | |
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| เขตรักษาพันธุ์สัตว์ป่าห้วยขาแข้ง | |
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IUCN category IV (habitat/species management area)
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 Location in Thailand
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| Location | Kanchanaburi, Tak and Uthai Thani Provinces, Thailand |
| Nearest city | Tak |
| Coordinates | 15°25′05″N 99°13′57″E / 15.41806°N 99.23250°ECoordinates: 15°25′05″N 99°13′57″E / 15.41806°N 99.23250°E |
| Area | 2780 km² (after 1992) |
| Established | 1972 |
| Governing body | Wildlife Conservation Office |
| Official name | Thungyai-Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuaries |
| Type | Natural |
| Criteria | vii, ix, x |
| Designated | 1991 (15th session) |
| Reference no. | 591 |
| Region | Asia-Pacific |
The Huai Kha Khaeng Wildlife Sanctuary is in Uthai Thani and Tak Provinces, Thailand. The park was established in 1974, and is part of the largest intact seasonal tropical forest complex in Mainland Southeast Asia. It, coupled with the Thungyai Naresuan Wildlife Sanctuary was declared a World Heritage Site by the United Nations in 1991. Together, the two sanctuaries occupy 622,200 hectares. As of 2014[update] it still contained viable populations of large mammals, including gibbons, bears, elephants and Indochinese tigers, although like all other sites in mainland Southeast Asia, some species (e.g., rhinoceroses) have disappeared or have experienced severe declines.
After the establishment of the wildlife sanctuary on 4 September 1972, it covered an area of 1,019,375 rai (163,100 hectares). The wildlife sanctuary was then expanded twice, first on 21 May 1986 to 1,609,150 rai (257,500 hectares), an increase of 589,775 rai (94,400 hectares) and on 30 December 1992 to 1,737,587 rai (278,000 hectares) an increase of 718,212 rai (114,900 hectares). Until 1976 there were Karen villages within the wildlife sanctuary. Today the wildlife sanctuary no longer has any known human population living in the area. Some Karen villages were moved in 1976 from the southernmost area to Ban Rai District to the southeast. A Hmong village in the west was moved after 1986.
A large number of the animal and plant life diversity can be found nowhere else, with species such the Sino-Himalayan, Indo-Burmese, Sundaic, and Indo-Chinese affinities, living in the wildlife sanctuary. Species present at the wildlife sanctuary are usually rare, endangered, or local. Roughly one-third of Southeast Asia's mammals are said to be thriving within the wildlife sanctuary. The wildlife sanctuary is responsible for three of the National Reserved Wildlife Species of Thailand: wild water buffalo (Bubalus arnee), mainland sera (Capricornis sumatraensis), and Indian hog deer (Hyelaphus porcinus). Many species of birds, reptiles, and amphibians have also been reported. Sighting of 355 bird species have been recorded in the wildlife sanctuary, a lot of these species are now rare in Thailand and some are considered endangered. There are currently 90 wild Indochinese tigers within the sanctuary.
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Wikipedia