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Hyder Ali

Hyder Ali
Sultan (de facto Ruler) of Mysore
Shams-ul-mulk, Amir ud-daula
"Hyder Ali," a steel engraving from the 1790's (with modern hand coloring).jpg
A steel engraving from the 1790s, with modern hand colouring
Reign 1761–1782
Predecessor Krishnaraja Wodeyar II
Successor Tipu Sultan
Born c. 1720
Budikote, Kolar, Karnataka
Died 7 December 1782(1782-12-07) (aged 60–61)
Chittoor, Andhra Pradesh, India
Burial Srirangapatna, Karnataka
12°24′36″N 76°42′50″E / 12.41000°N 76.71389°E / 12.41000; 76.71389Coordinates: 12°24′36″N 76°42′50″E / 12.41000°N 76.71389°E / 12.41000; 76.71389
Full name
Shams ul-Mulk, Amir ud-Daula, Sultan Sayyid walShareef Nawab Hyder 'Ali Khan Bahadur
House Mysore
Father Fath Muhammad
Religion Islam
Full name
Shams ul-Mulk, Amir ud-Daula, Sultan Sayyid walShareef Nawab Hyder 'Ali Khan Bahadur

Hyder Ali Khan also known as Hyder Ali Sahib (Kannada: ಹೈದೆರ್ ಅಲಿ ಖಾನ್), Haidarālī (Kannada: ಹೈದರಾಲಿ) (c. 1720 – 7 December 1782) was the Sultan and de facto ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in southern India. Born as Sayyid walSharif Hyder Ali Khan, he distinguished himself militarily, eventually drawing the attention of Mysore's rulers. Rising to the post of Dalavayi (commander-in-chief) to Krishnaraja Wodeyar II, he came to dominate the titular monarch and the Mysore government. He became the de facto ruler of Mysore as Sarvadhikari (Chief Minister) by 1761. He offered strong anti-colonial resistance against the military advances of the British East India Company during the First and Second Anglo–Mysore Wars, and he was the innovator of military use of the iron-cased Mysorean rockets.

Though illiterate, Hyder Ali earned an important place in the history of southern India for his administrative acumen and military skills. He concluded an alliance with the French against the British and used the services of French workmen in raising his artillery and arsenal. His rule of Mysore was characterised by frequent warfare with his neighbours and rebellion within his territories. This was not unusual for the time as much of the Indian subcontinent was then in turmoil. He was a shrewd leader and left his eldest son, Tipu Sultan, an extensive kingdom bordered by the Krishna River in the north, the Eastern Ghats in the east and the Arabian Sea in the west.


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