Ismail Qemali
| Ismail Qemali | |
|---|---|
 |
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| 1st Head of State of Albania | |
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In office 29 November 1912 – 22 January 1914 |
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| Preceded by | Independence declared |
| Succeeded by | Prince William of Wied |
| 1st Prime Minister of Albania | |
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In office 29 November 1912 – 22 January 1914 |
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| Preceded by | Independence declared |
| Succeeded by | Fejzi Bej Alizoti |
| 1st Minister of Foreign Affairs of Albania | |
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In office 4 December 1912 – June 1913 |
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| Preceded by | None |
| Succeeded by | Myfit Libohova |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
24 January 1844 Avlonya, Ottoman Empire (today Vlorë, Republic of Albania) |
| Died | 24 January 1919 (aged 75) Perugia, Kingdom of Italy (today Italian Republic) |
| Occupation | Politics , Writer |
| Religion | Islam |
Ismail Qemal Bej Vlora (
listen ; Turkish Avlonyalı İsmail Kemal Bey; 16 January 1844 – 24 January 1919) commonly known as Ismail Qemali was a leader of the Albanian national movement. As founder of Independent Albania, he served as its first head of state and president of the provisional government until January 1914 when he was forced to step aside by the International Commission of Control established by the six Great Powers.
Qemali was born to a noble family in Vlorë. Having finished the primary education in his hometown, and the high school Zosimea in Janina, in 1859 he moved to Constantinople where he embarked on a career as an Ottoman civil servant, being identified with the liberal reform wing of the service under Midhat Pasha, and was governor of several towns in the Balkans. During these years he took part in efforts for the standardization of the Albanian alphabet and the establishment of an Albanian cultural association.
By 1877, Ismail seemed to be on the brink of important functions in the Ottoman administration, but when Sultan Abdulhamid II dismissed Midhat as prime minister, Ismail Qemali was sent into exile in western Anatolia, though the Sultan later recalled him and made him governor of Beirut. However, his liberal policy recommendations caused him to fall out of favour with the Sultan again, and in May 1900 Ismail Qemali boarded the British ambassador's yacht and claimed asylum. He was conveyed out of Turkey and for the next eight years lived in exile, working both to promote constitutional rule in the Ottoman Empire and to advance the Albanian national cause within it.
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Wikipedia