James F. Byrnes
| James F. Byrnes | |
|---|---|
 |
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| 104th Governor of South Carolina | |
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In office January 16, 1951 – January 18, 1955 |
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| Lieutenant | George Timmerman |
| Preceded by | Strom Thurmond |
| Succeeded by | George Timmerman |
| 49th United States Secretary of State | |
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In office July 3, 1945 – January 21, 1947 |
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| President | Harry Truman |
| Preceded by | Edward Stettinius |
| Succeeded by | George Marshall |
| Director of the Office of War Mobilization | |
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In office May 27, 1943 – July 3, 1945 |
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| President | Franklin Roosevelt |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | John Snyder |
| Director of the Office of Economic Stabilization | |
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In office October 3, 1942 – May 27, 1943 |
|
| President | Franklin Roosevelt |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Fred Vinson |
| Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States | |
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In office July 8, 1941 – October 3, 1942 |
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| Nominated by | Franklin Roosevelt |
| Preceded by | James McReynolds |
| Succeeded by | Wiley Rutledge |
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United States Senator from South Carolina |
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In office March 4, 1931 – July 8, 1941 |
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| Preceded by | Coleman Blease |
| Succeeded by | Alva Lumpkin |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from South Carolina's 2nd district |
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In office March 4, 1911 – March 4, 1925 |
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| Preceded by | James Patterson |
| Succeeded by | Butler Hare |
| Personal details | |
| Born |
James Francis Byrnes May 2, 1882 Charleston, South Carolina, U.S. |
| Died | April 9, 1972 (aged 89) Columbia, South Carolina, U.S. |
| Political party |
Democratic (Before 1960s) Republican (1960s–1972) |
| Spouse(s) | Maude Busch (1906–1972) |
James Francis Byrnes (US /ˈbɜːrnz/; May 2, 1882 – April 9, 1972) was an American politician from the state of South Carolina. During his career, Byrnes served as a U.S. Representative (1911–1925), a U.S. Senator (1931–1941), a Justice of the Supreme Court (1941–1942), Secretary of State (1945–1947), and 104th governor of South Carolina (1951–1955). He is one of very few politicians to serve in all three branches of the American federal government while also being active in state government. He was a confidant of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and was one of the most powerful men in American domestic and foreign policy in the mid-1940s. Historian George E. Mowry called Byrnes "the most influential Southern member of Congress between John Calhoun and Lyndon Johnson."
James Francis "Jimmy" Byrnes was born at 538 King St. in Charleston, South Carolina and reared in that city. Byrnes's father, James Francis Byrnes, died shortly after Byrnes was born. His mother, Elizabeth McSweeney Byrnes, was an Irish-American dressmaker. At the age of fourteen, he left St. Patrick's Catholic School to work in a law office, and became a court stenographer. Notably, he transcribed the murder trial of then-Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina, James H. Tillman, nephew of Benjamin Tillman, for the killing of Narciso Gener Gonzales, the editor of The State (newspaper). In 1906, he married the former Maude Perkins Busch of Aiken, South Carolina. Though they had no children, he was the godparent of James Christopher Connor. Byrnes then converted from the Catholic Church to Episcopalianism.
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