Jujuy Province
| Jujuy | |||
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| Province | |||
Clockwise from top: Quebrada de Humahuaca, San Salvador de Jujuy, Pucará de Tilcara, and the Hill of seven colors.
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 Location of Jujuy within Argentina |
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| Country | Argentina | ||
| Capital | San Salvador de Jujuy | ||
| Departments | 16 | ||
| Municipalities and municipal commissions | 61 | ||
| Government | |||
| • Governor | Gerardo Morales (Radical Civic Union) | ||
| • Deputies | 6 | ||
| • Senators | 3 | ||
| Area Ranked 20th |
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| • Total | 53,219 km2 (20,548 sq mi) | ||
| Population (2010) | |||
| • Total | 673,307 | ||
| • Rank | 14th | ||
| • Density | 13/km2 (33/sq mi) | ||
| Demonym(s) | jujeño | ||
| Time zone | ART (UTC−3) | ||
| ISO 3166 code | AR-Y | ||
| Website | www |
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Jujuy (Spanish pronunciation: [xuˈxui]) is a province of Argentina, located in the extreme northwest of the country, at the borders with Chile and Bolivia. The only neighboring Argentine province is Salta to the east and south.
Pre-Columbian inhabitants known as the Omaguacas and Ocloyas, who were later conquered by the Incas during their expansion period, practiced agriculture and domesticated the guanaco. They had huts made of mud, and erected stone fortresses to protect their villages. An example of such fortresses is Pucará de Tilcara, Pucará meaning "fortress" (word also used for the Argentine combat aircraft Pucara).
In 1593, a small settlement was erected in the Jujuy valley by the effort of Francisco de Argañaraz y Murguía. In spite of the attacks of the Calchaquíes and Omaguacas aborigines, the population and activity of the village consolidated and grew.
At the end of the 17th century, the customs to the Viceroyalty of Peru was transferred from Córdoba to Jujuy.
With the separation from Peru and the creation of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata, Jujuy lost its importance and its population started to diminish.
During the May Revolution and the battles for the independence of the United provinces of the South, many confrontations took place in Jujuy because the Spanish concentrated their forces in Peru. The people of Jujuy had to endure the Jujuy Exodus, a massive evacuation with a scorched earth policy, led by General Manuel Belgrano. Finally the Spanish surrendered, but the war seriously affected the economy of the area.
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Wikipedia