Kivu conflict

Part of the aftermath of the Second Congo War

Location of North Kivu and South Kivu in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
For the areas of influence of different armed groups as of October 2015, see this map

Date

2004–2009 (Phase 1)
4 April 2012 – 7 November 2013 (Phase 2)
31 January 2015 – present (Phase 3)
(13 years)

Location

Kivu, Democratic Republic of the Congo (spillovers in Burundi and Katanga Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo)

Result

FARDC victory against CNDP and M23 Movement

CNDP becomes a political party in the DRC
M23 Movement signs peace agreement with the DRC government
FDLR, Mai-Mai militias and other armed groups still present in Eastern DRC
UN and FARDC begin operation to defeat the FDLR and their allies at the start of 2015

Belligerents

M27
(2014–present)

CNDP (2006–2009)

M23 (2012–2013)
Allegedly supported by:

Rwanda

DR Congo
Pro-Government Mai-Mai militias
FDLR (2006–2014)
APCLS(2012–2013)
Nyatura (2012–2014)
MONUSCO
Angola
Zimbabwe
Burundi (Against FNL and FNL-Nzabampema only) Supported by:
Belgium

France

FDLR
(2014–present)
RUD-Urunana
(2006–present)
Nyatura
(2014–present)
FNL-Nzabampema (2013–present)
FNL/Palipehutu
(1993–2009 and
2010–2013)

APCLS(2013–present)
Mai Mai Sheka (2008–present)
Mai Mai Yakutumba (2009–present)
Other Anti-Government Mai Mai Militas (1996–present)
Raia Mutomboki(2005–2015)

Commanders and leaders

Laurent Nkunda (POW)

Bosco Ntaganda

Sultani Makenga

Jean-Marie Runiga Lugerero

Joseph Kabila

Gen. Maj.
Leon Mush ale Tsimpamba

Mai-Mai

Ignace Murwanashyaka (POW)

Babacar Gaye

Gen.
Carlos Alberto dos Santos Cruz

José Eduardo dos Santos

Robert Mugabe

Pierre Nkurunziza

Sylvestre Mudacumura

Callixte Mbarushimana

Ignace Murwanashyaka (POW)
Agathon Rwasa (FNL/Palipehutu)
Aloys Nzabampema (FNL-Nzabampema)

Ntabo Ntaberi Sheka
(Mai Mai Sheka)
William Amuri Yakutumba (Mai Mai Yakutumba)
Janvier Buingo Karairi (APCLS)
Devos Kagalaba

(Raia Mutomboki)
Salumu Kaseke

(Raia Mutomboki)

Strength

6,000–8,000 CNDP (2007)
5,500+ M23 (2012)

20,000 Congolese regulars (2007),
3,500 Mai-Mai militia (2008),
6,000–7,000 FDLR (2008),
22,016 UN Monusco Uniformed personnel (2013)

2,000 FDLR
3,000 FNL/Palipehutu
Hundreds of FNL-Nzabampema

1,500 ACPLS
Several Thousand Raia Mutomboki Militia
10,000+ Other Armed Groups

Casualties and losses

Unknown

More than 1.4 million internally displaced persons,
hundreds of thousands of excess deaths,
Tens of thousands of civilians killed

FARDC victory against CNDP and M23 Movement

DR Congo
Pro-Government Mai-Mai militias
FDLR (2006–2014)
APCLS(2012–2013)
Nyatura (2012–2014)
MONUSCO
Angola
Zimbabwe
Burundi (Against FNL and FNL-Nzabampema only) Supported by:
Belgium

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Wikipedia