Liu Xiaobo
| Liu Xiaobo | |
|---|---|
| Native name | 刘晓波 |
| Born |
December 28, 1955 Changchun, China |
| Nationality | Chinese |
| Alma mater |
Jilin University Beijing Normal University |
| Occupation | Writer, political commentator, human rights activist |
| Spouse(s) | Liu Xia (m. 1996) |
| Awards |
2010 Nobel Peace Prize |
| Liu Xiaobo | |||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 刘晓波 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 劉曉波 | ||||||||
|
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | Liú Xiǎobō |
| IPA | [ljǒu ɕjàu.pɔ́] |
Liu Xiaobo (Chinese: 刘晓波; pinyin: Liú Xiǎobō) (born 28 December 1955) is a Chinese literary critic, writer, professor, and human rights activist who called for political reforms and the end of communist single-party rule. He is currently incarcerated as a political prisoner in Jinzhou, Liaoning.
Liu served as the President of the Independent Chinese PEN Center, from 2003 to 2007. He was also the president of Minzhu Zhongguo (Democratic China) magazine since the mid-1990s. On 8 December 2008, Liu was detained due to his participation with the Charter 08 manifesto. He was formally arrested on 23 June 2009 on suspicion of "inciting subversion of state power". He was tried on the same charges on 23 December 2009, and sentenced to eleven years' imprisonment and two years' deprivation of political rights on 25 December 2009.
During his fourth prison term, Liu was awarded the 2010 Nobel Peace Prize for "his long and non-violent struggle for fundamental human rights in China." He is the first Chinese citizen to be awarded a Nobel Prize of any kind while residing in China. Liu is the third person to be awarded the Nobel Peace Prize while in prison or detention, after Germany's Carl von Ossietzky (1935) and Burma's Aung San Suu Kyi (1991). Liu is also the second person (the first being Ossietzky) to be denied the right to have a representative collect the Nobel prize for him.
Liu was born in Changchun, Jilin, in 1955 to an intellectual family. In 1969, during the Down to the Countryside Movement, Liu's father took him to Horqin Right Front Banner, Inner Mongolia. After he finished middle school in 1974, he was sent to the countryside to work on a farm in Jilin.
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