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Muhammad Ali Pasha

Muhammad Ali Pasha

Wāli of Egypt, Sudan, Sham, Hejaz, Morea, Thasos, Crete

Coat of arms of the Egyptian Kingdom 2.png
ModernEgypt, Muhammad Ali by Auguste Couder, BAP 17996.jpg
An 1840 portrait of Muhammad Ali Pasha by Auguste Couder
Reign 17 May 1805 – 2 March 1848
Predecessor Ahmad Khurshid Pasha
Successor Ibrahim Pasha
Born 4 March 1769
Kavala, Macedonia, Rumeli eyalet, Ottoman Empire (present-day Greece)
Died 2 August 1849(1849-08-02) (aged 80)
Ras el-Tin Palace, Alexandria, Egypt Eyalet, Ottoman Empire (present day Egypt)
Burial Mosque of Muhammad Ali, Cairo Citadel, Egypt
Wives
  • Emina of Nosratli
  • Shams uz-Zafar
  • Nuraj
  • Shams-i-Nur
  • Zepha
  • Mah-Duran
  • Khadija Ziba
  • Mumtaz
  • Shama Nour
Issue Tevhida
Ibrahim Pasha
Tusun Pasha
Isma'il
Hatice (a.k.a. Nazli)
Sa'id Pasha
Hassan
Ali Sadik Bey
Muhammad Abdel Halim
Muhammad Ali the Younger
Fatma al-Ruhiya
Zeinab
Albanian Mehmet Ali Pasha
Arabic محمد علي باشا
Turkish Kavalalı Mehmet Ali Paşa
Dynasty Muhammad Ali Dynasty
Father Ibrahim Agha
Mother Zeinab
Religion Bektashi Order, Alevi

Wāli of Egypt, Sudan, Sham, Hejaz, Morea, Thasos, Crete

Muhammad Ali Pasha al-Mas'ud ibn Agha (Ottoman Turkish: محمد علی پاشا المسعود بن آغا‎; Arabic: محمد علي باشا‎‎ / ALA-LC: Muḥammad ‘Alī Bāshā; Albanian: Mehmet Ali Pasha; Turkish: Kavalalı Mehmet Ali Paşa; 4 March 1769 – 2 August 1849) was an Ottoman Albanian commander in the Ottoman army, who rose to the rank of Pasha, and became Wāli, and self-declared Khedive of Egypt and Sudan with the Ottomans' temporary approval. Though not a modern nationalist, he is regarded as the founder of modern Egypt because of the dramatic reforms in the military, economic and cultural spheres that he instituted. He also ruled Levantine territories outside Egypt. The dynasty that he established would rule Egypt and Sudan until the Egyptian Revolution of 1952 led by Muhammad Naguib and Gamal Abdel Nasser.


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