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People's Bank of China

People's Bank of China
中国人民银行
Zhōngguó Rénmín Yínháng
Bank logo
Bank logo
People's Bank of China headquarters in Beijing39°54′24″N 116°21′14″E / 39.90667°N 116.35389°E / 39.90667; 116.35389Coordinates: 39°54′24″N 116°21′14″E / 39.90667°N 116.35389°E / 39.90667; 116.35389
People's Bank of China headquarters in Beijing
39°54′24″N 116°21′14″E / 39.90667°N 116.35389°E / 39.90667; 116.35389Coordinates: 39°54′24″N 116°21′14″E / 39.90667°N 116.35389°E / 39.90667; 116.35389
Headquarters Beijing and Shanghai
Established December 1, 1948
Governor Zhou Xiaochuan
Central bank of  People's Republic of China
Currency Renminbi (RMB)
CNY (ISO 4217)
Reserves US$3.201 trillion
Bank rate 6.0%
Interest on reserves 3.5%
Preceded by Central Bank of China
Website www.pbc.gov.cn
For other currencies named "Yuan" and their respective central banks, see Chinese Yuan.
People's Bank of China
Chinese name
Simplified Chinese 中国人民银行
Traditional Chinese 中國人民銀行
Literal meaning China People Bank
Alternative Chinese name
Simplified Chinese 人民银行
Traditional Chinese 人民銀行
Literal meaning People Bank
Second alternative Chinese name
Chinese 人行
Literal meaning [People's Bank]]
Tibetan name
Tibetan ཀྲུང་གོ་མི་དམངས། མི་རྣམས།དངུལ་ཁང་།
Zhuang name
Zhuang Cunghgoz Yinzminz Yinzhangz
Mongolian name
Mongolian script ᠳᠤᠮᠳᠠᠳᠤ
ᠤᠯᠤᠰ ᠤᠨ
ᠠᠷᠠᠳ ᠤᠨ
ᠪᠠᠩᠬᠢ
Uyghur name
Uyghur
جۇڭگو خەلق بانكا

The People's Bank of China (PBC or PBOC, Chinese: 中国人民银行) is the central bank of the People's Republic of China with the power to carry out monetary policy and regulate financial institutions in mainland China. The People's Bank of China has more financial assets than any single public institution in the world.

The bank was established on December 1, 1948, based on the consolidation of the Huabei Bank, the Beihai Bank and the Xibei Farmer Bank. The headquarters was first located in Shijiazhuang, Hebei, and then moved to Beijing in 1949. Between 1950 and 1978 the PBC was the only bank in the People's Republic of China and was responsible for both central banking and commercial banking operations. All other banks within Mainland China such as the Bank of China were either organized as divisions of the PBC or were non-deposit taking agencies.

In the 1980s, as part of economic reform, the commercial banking functions of the PBC were split off into four independent but state-owned banks and in 1983, the State Council promulgated that the PBC would function as the central bank of China. Mr. Chen Yuan was instrumental in modernizing the bank in the early 1990s. Its central bank status was legally confirmed on March 18, 1995 by the 3rd Plenum of the 8th National People's Congress. In 1998, the PBC underwent a major restructuring. All provincial and local branches were abolished, and the PBC opened nine regional branches, whose boundaries did not correspond to local administrative boundaries. In 2003, the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress approved an amendment law for strengthening the role of PBC in the making and implementation of monetary policy for safeguarding the overall financial stability and provision of financial services.

The People's Bank of China (PBC) is the largest central bank at US$3.201 trillion.

The top management of the PBC are composed of the governor and a certain number of deputy governors. The governor of the PBC is appointed into or removed by the National People's Congress or its Standing Committee. The candidate for the governor of the PBC is nominated by the Premier of the People's Republic of China approved by the National People's Congress. When the National People's Congress is in adjournment, the Standing Committee sanctions the candidacy for the governor of the PBC. The deputy governors of the PBC are appointed to or removed from office by the Premier of the State Council.


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