Phoenix, Arizona
| Phoenix, Arizona | |||
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| State capital | |||
| City of Phoenix | |||
Images, from top, left to right: Papago Park at sunset, Saint Mary's Basilica, Chase Tower, Phoenix skyline at night, Arizona Science Center, Rosson House, the light rail, a saguaro cactus, and the McDowell Mountains
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| Nickname(s): "Valley of the Sun", "The Valley" | |||
 Location in Maricopa County and the state of Arizona |
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 Phoenix, Arizona
Phoenix, Arizona
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| Coordinates: 33°27′N 112°04′W / 33.450°N 112.067°WCoordinates: 33°27′N 112°04′W / 33.450°N 112.067°W | |||
| Country | United States | ||
| State | Arizona | ||
| County | Maricopa | ||
| Settled | 1867 | ||
| Incorporated | February 25, 1881 | ||
| Government | |||
| • Type | Council-Manager | ||
| • Body | Phoenix City Council | ||
| • Mayor | Greg Stanton (D) | ||
| Area | |||
| • City | 517.948 sq mi (1,341.48 km2) | ||
| • Land | 516.704 sq mi (1,338.26 km2) | ||
| • Water | 1.244 sq mi (3.22 km2) | ||
| • Metro | 14,565.76 sq mi (37,725.1 km2) | ||
| Elevation | 1,086 ft (331 m) | ||
| Population (2010) | |||
| • City | 1,445,632 | ||
| • Estimate (2015) | 1,563,025 | ||
| • Rank | US: 6th | ||
| • Density | 3,025/sq mi (1,168/km2) | ||
| • Urban | 3,629,114 (US: 12th) | ||
| • Metro | 4,574,531 (US: 12th) | ||
| • Demonym | Phoenician | ||
| Time zone | MST (UTC−7) | ||
| • Summer (DST) | no DST/PDT (UTC−7) | ||
| ZIP codes | 85001–85099 | ||
| Area code(s) | |||
| FIPS code | 04-55000 | ||
| GNIS ID(s) | 44784, 2411414 | ||
| Major airport | Phoenix Sky Harbor International Airport – PHX (Major/International) | ||
| Website | www |
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Phoenix (/ˈfiːnᵻks/) is the capital and most populous city of the U.S. state of Arizona. With 1,563,025 people (as of 2015[update]), Phoenix is the sixth most populous city nationwide, the most populous state capital in the United States, and the only state capital with a population of more than one million residents.
Phoenix is the anchor of the Phoenix metropolitan area, also known as the Valley of the Sun, which in turn is a part of the Salt River Valley. The metropolitan area is the 12th largest by population in the United States, with approximately 4.3 million people as of 2010[update]. In addition, Phoenix is the seat of Maricopa County and, at 517.9 square miles (1,341 km2), it is the largest city in the state, more than twice the size of Tucson and one of the largest cities in the United States.
Settled in 1867 as an agricultural community near the confluence of the Salt and Gila Rivers, Phoenix incorporated as a city in 1881. Located in the northeastern reaches of the Sonoran Desert, Phoenix has a subtropical desert climate. Despite this, its canal system led to a thriving farming community, many of the original crops remaining important parts of the Phoenix economy for decades, such as alfalfa, cotton, citrus, and hay (which was important for the cattle industry). In fact, the "Five C's" (Cotton, Cattle, Citrus, Climate, and Copper), remained the driving forces of Phoenix's economy until after World War II, when high-tech industries began to move into the valley and air conditioning made residences much more comfortable in the very hot summers.
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