Phosphorus pentabromide
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_bromide.jpg) |
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| Names | |
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IUPAC name
phosphorus pentabromide
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| Other names
phosphorus(V) bromide
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3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| ECHA InfoCard | 100.029.260 |
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| PBr5 | |
| Molar mass | 430.49 g/mol |
| Appearance | yellow solid |
| Density | 3.61 g/cm3 |
| Melting point | ca. 100 °C (decomposes) |
| Boiling point | 106 °C (223 °F; 379 K) (decomposes) |
| decomposes | |
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Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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| Infobox references | |
Phosphorus pentabromide is a reactive, yellow solid of formula PBr5, which has the structure PBr4+Br− in the solid state but in the vapor phase is completely dissociated to PBr3 and Br2. Rapid cooling of this phase to 15 K leads to formation of the ionic species phosphorus heptabromide ([PBr4]+[Br3]−).
It can be used in organic chemistry to convert carboxylic acids to acyl bromides. It is highly corrosive. It decomposes above 100 °C to give phosphorus tribromide and bromine:
Reversing this equilibrium to generate PBr5 by addition of Br2 to PBr3 is difficult in practice because the product is susceptible to further addition to yield phosphorus heptabromide (PBr7).
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