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Propylene

Propene
Skeletal formula of propene
Propene-2D-flat.svg
Propylene.png
Propylene
Names
Preferred IUPAC name
Propene
Identifiers
115-07-1 YesY
3D model (Jmol) Interactive image
Interactive image
ChEBI CHEBI:16052 YesY
ChEMBL ChEMBL117213 YesY
ChemSpider 7954 YesY
ECHA InfoCard 100.003.693
KEGG C11505 YesY
PubChem 8252
RTECS number UC6740000
UN number 1077
In Liquefied petroleum gas: 1075
Properties
C3H6
Molar mass 42.08 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Density 1.81 kg/m3, gas (1.013 bar, 15 °C)
613.9 kg/m3, liquid
Melting point −185.2 °C (−301.4 °F; 88.0 K)
Boiling point −47.6 °C (−53.7 °F; 225.6 K)
0.61 g/m3
-31.5·10−6 cm3/mol
Viscosity 8.34 µPa·s at 16.7 °C
Structure
0.366 D (gas)
Hazards
Safety data sheet External MSDS
Extremely Flammable F+
R-phrases 12
S-phrases 9-16-33
NFPA 704
Flammability code 4: Will rapidly or completely vaporize at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or is readily dispersed in air and will burn readily. Flash point below 23 °C (73 °F). E.g., propane Health code 1: Exposure would cause irritation but only minor residual injury. E.g., turpentine Reactivity code 1: Normally stable, but can become unstable at elevated temperatures and pressures. E.g., calcium Special hazards (white): no codeNFPA 704 four-colored diamond
Flash point −108 °C (−162 °F; 165 K)
Related compounds
Related alkenes;
related groups
Ethylene, Isomers of Butylene;
Allyl, Propenyl
Related compounds
Propane, Propyne
Propadiene, 1-Propanol
2-Propanol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
YesY  (what is YesYN ?)
Infobox references

Propene, also known as propylene or methyl ethylene, is an unsaturated organic compound having the chemical formula C3H6. It has one double bond, and is the second simplest member of the alkene class of hydrocarbons.

At room temperature and atmospheric pressure, propene is a gas, and as with many other alkenes, it is colorless and has a faint petroleum-like odor.

Propene has a higher density and boiling point than ethylene due to its greater mass. It has a slightly lower boiling point than propane and is thus more volatile. It lacks strongly polar bonds, yet the molecule has a small dipole moment due to its reduced symmetry (its point group is Cs).

Propene has the same empirical formula as cyclopropane but their atoms are connected in different ways, making these molecules structural isomers.

Propene is found in nature as a byproduct of vegetation and fermentation processes.

On September 30, 2013 NASA announced that the Cassini orbiter space craft, part of the Cassini-Huygens mission, had discovered small amounts of naturally occurring propene in the atmosphere of Titan using spectroscopy.

Propene is produced from fossil fuelspetroleum, natural gas, and, to a much lesser extent, coal. Propene is a byproduct of oil refining and natural gas processing. During oil refining, ethylene, propene, and other compounds are produced as a result of cracking larger hydrocarbon molecules to produce hydrocarbons more in demand. A major source of propene is naphtha cracking intended to produce ethylene, but it also results from refinery cracking producing other products. Propene can be separated by fractional distillation from hydrocarbon mixtures obtained from cracking and other refining processes; refinery-grade propene is about 50 to 70%.


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