Prussian S 3
| Prussian S 3 DRG Class 13.0 |
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Prussian S3 photographed in 1895 at Berlin-Charlottenburg
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| Number(s) | DRG 13 002–028 |
| Quantity | 1027 |
| Manufacturer | Hanomag |
| Year(s) of manufacture | 1893–1904 |
| Retired | 1927 |
| Wheel arrangement | 4-4-0 |
| Axle arrangement | 2'B n2v |
| Type | S 24.16 |
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) |
| Length over buffers | 17,561 mm (57 ft 7.4 in) |
| Service weight | 50.5 t (49.7 long tons; 55.7 short tons) |
| Adhesive weight | 30.9 t (30.4 long tons; 34.1 short tons) |
| Axle load | 15.6 t (15.4 long tons; 17.2 short tons) |
| Top speed | 100 km/h (62 mph) |
| Driving wheel diameter | 1,980 mm (77.95 in) |
| Leading wheel diameter | 1,000 mm (39.37 in) |
| No. of cylinders | 2 |
| Cylinder bore | 460 mm (18.11 in) 680 mm (26.77 in) |
| Piston stroke | 600 mm (23.62 in) |
| Boiler Overpressure | 1 bar (100 kPa; 15 psi) |
| Grate area | 2.32 m2 (25.0 sq ft) |
| Evaporative heating area | 117.70 m2 (1,266.9 sq ft) |
| Tender | Prussian 3 T 15 Prussian 2'2' T 16/20/21,5 |
| Water capacity | 15.0 m3 (530 cu ft) 16.0 m3 (570 cu ft) 20.0 m3 (710 cu ft) 21.5 m3 (760 cu ft) |
The Prussian Class S 3s were saturated steam locomotives developed by Hanomag for the Prussian state railways and were built from 1893.
They were a further development of the S 2 and used the same boiler. The "S" stood for Schnellzuglokomotive, or express locomotive, of which the S 3 was a large and powerful type. Because larger turntables with a 16-metre diameter were then being built, the wheelbase could be longer, which gave it better riding qualities. The locomotive had one high-pressure and one low-pressure cylinder, coupled to four driving wheels in a 4-4-0 configuration.
They were the first class of locomotives to use superheating, a process in which the steam leaving the boiler is re-heated, resulting in better efficiency.
The railway procured a total of 1,027 locomotives of this class up to 1904, and they were stabled at almost all locomotive depots (Betriebswerk or Bw), making them the most numerous German express train locomotives. In addition, several hundred units were manufactured with smaller driving wheels - dubbed the P4 class.
Another 40 examples went to the Imperial Railways in Alsace-Lorraine (see Alsace-Lorraine S 3) and six units, with a modified axle base, to the Grand Duchy of Oldenburg State Railways (see Oldenburg S 3).
Whilst the Deutsche Reichsbahn still listed 451 Prussian S 3 engines in its 1923 renumbering plan (as 13 008 - 458), only 27 of them were left in 1925. They were grouped as DRG Class 13.0 with operating numbers 13 002–028. Locomotive 13 001 was not an S 3, but a Prussian S 2 converted into an Erfurt-type compound locomotive. The machines were retired by 1927.
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