Pu (Daoism)
| Pu | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chinese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Traditional Chinese | 樸 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Simplified Chinese | 朴 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Literal meaning | unworked wood | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Vietnamese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vietnamese alphabet | phác | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chữ Hán | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Korean name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hangul | 복, 박 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hanja | 樸 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Japanese name | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Kanji | 朴 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hiragana | ぼく, ほお | ||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Standard Mandarin | |
| Hanyu Pinyin | pǔ |
| Wade–Giles | p'u |
| Yue: Cantonese | |
| Yale Romanization | buk6, pok3 |
| Jyutping | buk6, pok3 |
| Southern Min | |
| Hokkien POJ | phoh |
| Middle Chinese | |
| Middle Chinese | pʰåk |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Revised Romanization | bok, pak |
| McCune–Reischauer | pok, pak |
| Transcriptions | |
|---|---|
| Revised Hepburn | boku, hō |
Pu is a Chinese word meaning "unworked wood; inherent quality; simple" that was an early Daoist metaphor for the natural state of humanity, and relates with the Daoist keyword ziran (literally "self so") "natural; spontaneous". The scholar Ge Hong (283-343 CE) immortalized pu in his pen name Baopuzi "Master who Embraces Simplicity" and eponymous book Baopuzi.
Pu can be written with either of the variant Chinese characters and , which are linguistically complex.
Both 樸 and 朴 are classified as radical-phonetic characters, combining the semantically significant "tree" radical (commonly used for writing names of trees and wooden objects) with the phonetic indicators pu and bu .
The Chinese character pu 樸 was first recorded on Chinese bronze inscriptions from the Spring and Autumn period (771-476 BCE), and the character pu 朴 was first recorded in Chinese classics from the Warring States period (475-221 BCE).
When the People's Republic of China promulgated simplified Chinese characters in 1956, the established variant pu 朴 (with 6 strokes) was chosen to replace the traditional Chinese character pu 樸 (with 16 strokes).
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