Recklinghausen
| Recklinghausen | ||
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Town Hall of Recklinghausen.
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 Recklinghausen
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Location of Recklinghausen within Recklinghausen district
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| Coordinates: 51°35′6″N 7°9′43″E / 51.58500°N 7.16194°ECoordinates: 51°35′6″N 7°9′43″E / 51.58500°N 7.16194°E | ||
| Country | Germany | |
| State | North Rhine-Westphalia | |
| Admin. region | Münster | |
| District | Recklinghausen | |
| Government | ||
| • Mayor | Christoph Tesche (CDU) | |
| Area | ||
| • Total | 66.4 km2 (25.6 sq mi) | |
| Population (2015-12-31) | ||
| • Total | 114,330 | |
| • Density | 1,700/km2 (4,500/sq mi) | |
| Time zone | CET/CEST (UTC+1/+2) | |
| Postal codes | 45601–45665 | |
| Dialling codes | 02361 | |
| Vehicle registration | RE | |
| Website | Ruhrfestspielstadt Recklinghausen (German) | |
Recklinghausen (German pronunciation: [ʁɛklɪŋˈhaʊzən]) is the northernmost city in the Ruhr-Area and the capital of the Recklinghausen district. It borders the rural Münsterland and is characterized by large fields and farms in the north and industry in the south. Recklinghausen is the 60th-largest city in Germany and the 22nd-largest city in North Rhine-Westphalia.
First mentioned in 1017 as Ricoldinchuson, in 1150 the city was the center of the surrounding Vest Recklinghausen. In 1236, the city of Recklinghausen received town privileges. As part of the County of Vest, ownership of Recklinghausen changed several times in the 15th and 16th century, and in 1576, the entire county was pawned to the Elector of Cologne. In 1582-83, again in 1586, and again in 1587, the city was plundered by partisan armies during the Cologne War, a feud over religious parity in Electorate of Cologne and electoral influence in the Holy Roman Empire.
Recklinghausen was also the site of more than 100 witchcraft trials (1514–1710). The trial activity reached a climax twice: In the time period of 1580/81 and again in 1588/89. The last person to be convicted of witchcraft was Anna Spickermann; after spending 16 months in prison, she was sentenced to death by sword and burned afterward.
Circa 1600, the administration of the Vest Recklinghausen was divided into two parts, with the eastern part administered by Recklinghausen. The town of Recklinghausen including the parish of Recklinghausen and the parishes Ahsen, Datteln, Flaesheim, Hamm-Bossendorf, Henrichenburg, Herten, Horneburg, Oer, Suderwich, Waltrop and Westerholt. Circa 1815, the Vest was made a Bürgermeisterei, with the town becoming the seat. In 1819, Herten joined the Recklinghausen Bürgermeisterei, and Erkenschwick followed in 1821.
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