Shinmen Munisai
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Shinmen Munisai 新免無二斎 |
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|---|---|
| Born | Shinmen Munisai |
| Died | from natural causes |
| Native name | 新免無二斎 |
| Other names | Hirata Munisai |
| Residence | Japan |
| Style | Kenjutsu |
| Teacher(s) | none verified |
| Notable students | Honiden Gekinosuke; Miyamoto Musashi |
Shinmen Munisai (新免 無二斎?), also called Miyamoto Muninosuke, was a martial artist, expert in using the sword and the jutte. He was also the father of the samurai named Miyamoto Musashi. He was the son of Miyamoto Musashi no kami Yoshimoto, a vassal of Shinmen Iga no Kami, the lord of Takayama Castle in the Yoshino district of Mimasaka Province. Munisai was relied upon by Lord Shinmen Sokan,the head of the Shinmen clan and so was allowed to use the Shinmen name. He was one of the few to have obtained the title of "Unrivaled Under The Sun", title offered to him by the Shogun Ashikaga.
Munisai founded his own ryūha: the Tōri Jitte Ryū, which was one of the schools taught to his son Miyamoto Musashi, who conceived the Hyōhō Niten Ichi-ryū.
Because of the uncertainty centering on Munisai (when he died, whether he was truly Musashi's father, etc.), Musashi's mother is known with even less confidence. Here are a few possibilities:
Sometime after Ashikaga Yoshiteru became the Shogun, he started in Kyoto a comparison duel between Munisai, who was still called Hirata at the time, and the founder of the Yoshioka-ryū school of sword-fighting: Yoshioka Kenpo (who was also the sword instructor of the Ashikaga). Kenpo won the first match, while Munisai won the other two. This event later started a feud between Munisai's son Miyamoto Musashi and the following generation of the Yoshioka family. Munisai having won the match, the shogun gave him the title of "Unrivaled Under The Sun".
Having heard about Munisai, the head of the Shinmen clan, Shinmen Sokan, recruited Munisai as instructor of his troops. During these years at Sokan's services, Munisai married a woman named Yoshiko, who gave him two children: a girl, Ogin, and a boy, Takezo (who would later be known as Miyamoto Musashi). More or less five years later, he divorced with Yoshiko, keeping custody of his children, forbidding Takezo to go and search for his mother. In 1589, for unknown reasons, Sokan ordered Munisai to kill his student Honiden Gekinosuke. After this event, he started training Takezo in the ways of the sword and of the jutte, but it didn't last long since the inhabitants of Miyamoto village, displeased with Gekinosuke's death, forced him to move away in the village of Kawakami. He died in 1592, surely due to the amount of stress caused by the fact that many swordsmen wanted to claim his title afterwards.
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