Suramin

Suramin

Clinical data
Trade names	Antrypol, 309 F, 309 Fourneau, Bayer 205, Moranyl, Naganin, Naganine
Routes of administration	by injection only
ATC code	P01CX02 (WHO) QP51AE02 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status	US: Not FDA approved
Identifiers
IUPAC name 8,8'-{Carbonylbis[imino-3,1-phenylenecarbonylimino(4-methyl-3,1-phenylene)carbonylimino]}di(1,3,5-naphthalenetrisulfonic acid)
CAS Number	145-63-1 Y
PubChem CID	5361
IUPHAR/BPS	1728
DrugBank	DB04786 N
ChemSpider	5168 Y
UNII	6032D45BEM
KEGG	C07974 N
ChEBI	CHEBI:45906 N
ChEMBL	CHEMBL265502 Y
ECHA InfoCard	100.005.145
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C51H40N6O23S6
Molar mass	1297.29
3D model (Jmol)	Interactive image
SMILES O=C(Nc1cc(ccc1C)C(=O)Nc3c2c(cc(cc2c(cc3)S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O)c8cccc(NC(=O)Nc7cc(C(=O)Nc6cc(C(=O)Nc5c4c(cc(cc4c(cc5)S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O)S(=O)(=O)O)ccc6C)ccc7)c8
InChI InChI=1S/C51H40N6O23S6/c1-25-9-11-29(49(60)54-37-13-15-41(83(69,70)71)35-21-33(81(63,64)65)23-43(45(35)37)85(75,76)77)19-39(25)56-47(58)27-5-3-7-31(17-27)52-51(62)53-32-8-4-6-28(18-32)48(59)57-40-20-30(12-10-26(40)2)50(61)55-38-14-16-42(84(72,73)74)36-22-34(82(66,67)68)24-44(46(36)38)86(78,79)80/h3-24H,1-2H3,(H,54,60)(H,55,61)(H,56,58)(H,57,59)(H2,52,53,62)(H,63,64,65)(H,66,67,68)(H,69,70,71)(H,72,73,74)(H,75,76,77)(H,78,79,80) Y Key:FIAFUQMPZJWCLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Y
NY (what is this?)

Suramin is a medication used to treat African sleeping sickness and river blindness. It is the treatment of choice for sleeping sickness without central nervous system involvement. It is given by injection into a vein.

Suramin causes a fair number of side effects. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, skin tingling, and weakness. Sore palms of the hands and soles of the feet, trouble seeing, fever, and abdominal pain may also occur. Severe side effects may include low blood pressure, decreased level of consciousness, kidney problems, and low blood cell levels. It is unclear if it is safe when breastfeeding.

Suramin was made at least as early as 1916. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. In the United States it can be acquired from the Center for Disease Control (CDC). The cost of the medication for a course of treatment is about 27 USD. In regions of the world where the disease is common suramin is provided for free by the World Health Organization.

Suramin is used for treatment of human sleeping sickness caused by trypanosomes. Specifically, it is used for treatment of first-stage African trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma brusei rhodesiense without involvement of central nervous system. It is considered second-line treatment for early-stage disease due to its side effects.