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Thanjavur

Thanjavur
Tanjore
City
A montage image showing temple complex with temple tower in the centre, Maratha palace, paddy field, Rajarajachola Mandapam and Tamil University
View of the Brihadeeswarar Temple, Maratha palace, paddy field, Rajarajan Manimandapam (Bell Tower) and Tamil University
Thanjavur is located in Tamil Nadu
Thanjavur
Thanjavur
Coordinates: 10°47′00″N 79°8′10″E / 10.78333°N 79.13611°E / 10.78333; 79.13611Coordinates: 10°47′00″N 79°8′10″E / 10.78333°N 79.13611°E / 10.78333; 79.13611
Country  India
State Tamil Nadu
Region Chola Nadu
District Thanjavur
Area
 • Total 36.33 km2 (14.03 sq mi)
Area rank 11
Elevation 88 m (289 ft)
Population (2011)
 • Total 222,943
 • Density 6,100/km2 (16,000/sq mi)
Languages
 • Official Tamil
Time zone IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN 613 xxx
Telephone code 04362
Vehicle registration TN 49,TN68
Website www.municipality.tn.gov.in/thanjavur

Thanjavur, formerly Tanjore, is a city in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Thanjavur is an important center of South Indian religion, art, and architecture. Most of the Great Living Chola Temples, which are UNESCO World Heritage Monuments, are located in and around Thanjavur. The foremost among these, the Brihadeeswara Temple, is located in the centre of the city. Thanjavur is also home to Tanjore painting, a painting style unique to the region.

Thanjavur is the headquarters of the Thanjavur District. The city is an important agricultural centre located in the Cauvery Delta and is known as the "Rice bowl of Tamil Nadu". Thanjavur is administered by a municipal corporation covering an area of 36.33 km2 (14.03 sq mi) and had a population of 222,943 in 2011. Roadways are the major means of transportation, while the city also has rail connectivity. The nearest airport is Tiruchirapalli International Airport, located 59.6 km (37.0 mi) away from the city. The nearest seaport is Karaikal Port, which is 94 km (58 mi) away from Thanjavur.

Scholars believe the name Thanjavur is derived from Tanjan, a legendary demon in Hindu mythology. While the early history of Thanjavur remains unclear, the city first rose to prominence during the reign of Medieval Cholas when it served as the capital of the empire. After the fall of Cholas, the city was ruled by various dynasties like Pandyas, Vijayanagar Empire, Madurai Nayaks, Thanjavur Nayaks, Thanjavur Marathas and British Empire. It has been a part of independent India since 1947.


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