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Tiberius

Tiberius
Tiberius, Romisch-Germanisches Museum, Cologne (8115606671).jpg
Bust of the Emperor Tiberius
2nd Emperor of the Roman Empire
Reign 18 September 14 AD –
16 March 37 AD
(22 years)
Predecessor Augustus, stepfather, father-in-law, and adoptive father
(no blood relation)
Successor Caligula, great nephew and adoptive grandson
Born 16 November 42 BC
Rome
Died 16 March AD 37 (aged 77)
Misenum, Italy
Burial Mausoleum of Augustus, Rome
Spouse
Issue
Full name
  • Tiberius Claudius Nero (birth to adoption)
  • Tiberius Julius Caesar (adoption to accession)
  • Tiberius Caesar Divi Augusti filius Augustus (as emperor)
House Julio-Claudian dynasty
Father
Mother Livia Drusilla
Religion Roman Paganism
Full name
  • Tiberius Claudius Nero (birth to adoption)
  • Tiberius Julius Caesar (adoption to accession)
  • Tiberius Caesar Divi Augusti filius Augustus (as emperor)

Tiberius (Latin: Tiberius Caesar Dīvī Augustī Fīlius Augustus; 16 November 42 BC – 16 March 37 AD) was a Roman Emperor from 14 AD to 37 AD. Born Tiberius Claudius Nero, a Claudian, Tiberius was the son of Tiberius Claudius Nero and Livia Drusilla. His mother divorced Nero and married Octavian, later known as Augustus, in 39 BC, making him a step-son of Octavian.

Tiberius would later marry Augustus' daughter (from his marriage to Scribonia), Julia the Elder, and even later be adopted by Augustus, by which act he officially became a Julian, bearing the name Tiberius Julius Caesar. The subsequent emperors after Tiberius would continue this blended dynasty of both families for the following thirty years; historians have named it the Julio-Claudian dynasty. In relations to the other emperors of this dynasty, Tiberius was the stepson of Augustus, grand-uncle of Caligula, paternal uncle of Claudius, and great-grand uncle of Nero.

Tiberius was one of Rome's greatest generals; his conquest of Pannonia, Dalmatia, Raetia, and temporarily, parts of Germania, laid the foundations for the northern frontier. But he came to be remembered as a dark, reclusive, and sombre ruler who never really desired to be emperor; Pliny the Elder called him tristissimus hominum, "the gloomiest of men."


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