Triglav

Triglav
Triglav viewed from the east
Highest point
Elevation	2,864 metres (9,396 ft)
Prominence	2,059 metres (6,755 ft)
Listing	Country high point Ultra
Coordinates	46°23′00″N 13°53′00″E / 46.38333°N 13.88333°E / 46.38333; 13.88333Coordinates: 46°23′00″N 13°53′00″E / 46.38333°N 13.88333°E / 46.38333; 13.88333
Naming
Translation	three peaks
Geography
Triglav Slovenia
Location	Littoral, Upper Carniola, Slovenia
Parent range	Julian Alps
Climbing
First ascent	1778
Easiest route	scramble / via ferrata

Triglav (pronounced [ˈtɾiːɡlau̯]; German: Terglau, Italian: Tricorno), with an elevation of 2,863.65 metres (9,395.2 ft), height is the highest mountain in Slovenia and the highest peak of the Julian Alps. The mountain is the pre-eminent symbol of the Slovene Nation. It is the centrepiece of Triglav National Park, Slovenia's only national park. Triglav was also the highest peak in Yugoslavia before Slovenia's independence in 1991.

Various names have been used for the mountain through history. An old map from 1567 named it Ocra mons, whereas Johann Weikhard von Valvasor named it Krma in the second half of the 17th century. According to the German mountaineer and professor Adolf Gstirner, the name Triglav first appeared in written sources as Terglau in 1452, but the original source has been lost. The next known occurrence of Terglau is cited by Gstirner and is from a court description of the border in 1573. Early forms of the name Triglav also include Terglau in 1612, Terglou in 1664 and Terklou around 1778–89. The name is derived from the compound *Tri-golvъ (literally 'three-head'—that is, 'three peaks'), which may be understood literally because the mountain has three peaks when viewed from much of Upper Carniola. It is unlikely that the name has any connection to the Slavic deity Triglav. In the local dialect, the name is pronounced Tərgwòu̯ (with a second-syllable accent) in contrast to standard Slovene Tríglav.

The first recorded ascent of Triglav was achieved in 1778, on the initiative of the industrialist and polymath Sigmund Zois. According to the most commonly cited report, published in the newspaper Illyrisches Blatt in 1821 by the historian and geographer Johann Richter, these were the surgeon Lovrenz Willomitzer (written as Willonitzer by Richter), the chamois hunter Štefan Rožič, and the miners Luka Korošec and Matevž Kos. According to a report by Belsazar Hacquet in his Oryctographia Carniolica, this happened towards the end of 1778, by two chamois hunters, one of them being Luka Korošec, and one of his former students, whose name is not mentioned.