William Kirby (entomologist)
| William Kirby | |
|---|---|
 |
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| Born | 19 September 1759 Witnesham, Suffolk, England |
| Died |
4 July 1850 (aged 90) Barham, Suffolk, England |
| Citizenship | England |
| Fields | Entomology |
| Institutions | Ipswich Museum: Entomological Society of London: Linnean Society |
| Alma mater | Cambridge University |
| Known for | "Founder of Entomology" |
| Notable awards | FRS |
| Author abbrev. (zoology) | Kirby |
William Kirby (19 September 1759 – 4 July 1850) was an English entomologist, an original member of the Linnean Society and a Fellow of the Royal Society, as well as a country priest, making him an eminent parson-naturalist. He is considered the "founder of entomology".
Kirby was a grandson of the Suffolk topographer John Kirby (author of The Suffolk Traveller) and nephew of artist-topographer Joshua Kirby (a friend of Thomas Gainsborough's). He was also a cousin of the children's author Mrs Sarah Trimmer. His parents were William Kirby, a solicitor, and Lucy Meadows. He was born at Witnesham, Suffolk, and studied at Ipswich School and Caius College, Cambridge, where he graduated in 1781. Taking holy orders in 1782, he spent his entire working life in the peaceful seclusion of an English country parsonage at Barham in Suffolk, working there for 68 years, first as curate, then as rector from 1797. He assisted in the publication of pamphlets against Thomas Paine during the 1790s.
Kirby was brought to the study of natural history by Dr Nicholas Gwynn (a friend of Boerhaave's), who introduced him to Sir James Edward Smith at Ipswich in 1791. Soon afterwards, he corresponded with Smith, seeking advice in the foundation of a natural history museum at Ipswich. Among his early friends were the naturalists Charles Sutton and Thomas Marsham, with whom he made lengthy scientific excursions, as later with William Jackson Hooker and others, becoming a leading parson-naturalist. His name appears on the original list of Fellows of the Linnean Society. He delivered the first of his many papers on 7 May 1793, on Three New Species of Hirudo (Linn. Trans. II, 316).
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