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Algerian War

Algerian War
الثورة الجزائرية
Tagrawla Tadzayrit
Guerre d'Algérie
Algerian war collage wikipedia.jpg
Collage of the French war in Algeria
Date 1 November 1954 – 19 March 1962
(7 years, 4 months, 2 weeks and 4 days)
Location Algeria
Result

Military stalemate
FLN political victory
Évian Accords

  • Algerian Independence
Territorial
changes
Independence of Algeria
Belligerents
Variant flag of the GPRA (1958-1962).svg FLN
Variant flag of the GPRA (1958-1962).svg MNA
Flag of Parti communiste algérien.gif PCA
 France France FAF
(1960–61)
OAS
(1961–62)
Commanders and leaders
Saadi Yacef
Mustapha Benboulaïd  
Ferhat Abbas
Houari Boumedienne
Hocine Aït Ahmed
Ahmed Ben Bella
Krim Belkacem
Frantz Fanon
Larbi Ben M'Hidi  
Rabah Bitat
Mohamed Boudiaf
Ali La Pointe  
Alphonse Djamate (1931–2001) Paul Cherrière (1954–55)
Henri Lorillot (1955–56)
Raoul Salan (1956–58)
Jacques Massu (1956–60)
Paul Aussaresses
Maurice Challe (1958–60)
Jean Crepin (1960–61)
Fernand Gambiez (1961)
Pierre Lagaillarde
Raoul Salan
Edmond Jouhaud
Jean-Jacques Susini
Said Boualam
Strength
300,000 identified 40,000 civilian support 470,000 (maximum reached and maintained from 1956 to 1962)
plus 90,000 Harkis
3,000 (OAS)
Casualties and losses
  • 141,000-152,863 male FLN soldiers killed including 12,000 internal purges
  • Unknown number of wounded
  • 25,600 dead
  • 30,000-150,000 Harkis killed.
100 dead (OAS)
2,000 jailed (OAS)
300,000 Algerian casualities and 1 million Europeans forced to flee

Military stalemate
FLN political victory
Évian Accords

The Algerian War, also known as the Algerian War of Independence or the Algerian Revolution (Berber: Tagrawla Tadzayrit; Arabic: الثورة الجزائرية‎‎, Al-thawra Al-Jazaa'iriyya; French: Guerre d'Algérie or Révolution algérienne) was a war between France and the Algerian National Liberation Front (French: Front de Libération Nationale - FLN) from 1954 to 1962, which led to Algeria gaining its independence from France. An important decolonization war, it was a complex conflict characterized by guerrilla warfare, maquis fighting, and the use of torture by both sides. The conflict also became a civil war between loyalist Algerians supporting a French Algeria and their Algerian nationalist counterparts.

Effectively started by members of the National Liberation Front (FLN) on November 1, 1954, during the Toussaint Rouge ("Red All Saints' Day"), the conflict shook the foundations of the weak and unstable Fourth French Republic (1946–58) and led to its replacement by the Fifth Republic with a strengthened Presidency and with Charles de Gaulle as President. Although the French military campaigns greatly weakened the FLN militarily, with most prominent FLN leaders killed or arrested and terror attacks effectively stopped, the brutality of the methods employed by the French forces failed to win hearts and minds in Algeria, alienated support in metropolitan France and discredited French prestige abroad.


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Wikipedia

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