Climate by city in Pakistan

Question

This piglix contains articles or sub-piglix about Climate by city in Pakistan

Answer 1

Climate of Islamabad

The climate of Islamabad has a humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate classifion, with five seasons: Winter (Nov−Feb), Spring (March−April), Summer (May−June), Rainy Monsoon (July−August) and Autumn (September−October). The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed 38 °C (100.4 °F). The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfall and evening thunderstorms with the possibility of cloudburst. The coolest month is January, with temperatures variable by location. In Islamabad, temperatures vary from cold to mild, routinely dropping below zero. In the hills there is sparse snowfall. The weather ranges from a minimum of −3.9 °C (25.0 °F) in January to a maximum of 46.1 °C (115.0 °F) in June. The average low is 2 °C (35.6 °F) in January, while the average high is 38.1 °C (100.6 °F) in June. The highest temperature recorded was 46.5 °C (115.7 °F) in June, while the lowest temperature was −4 °C (24.8 °F) in January. On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record breaking 620 millimetres (24 in) of rain fell in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in 24 hours in Islamabad and at any locality in Pakistan during the past 100 years. Following is the weather observed over Islamabad Airport, which is actually located in Rawalpindi.

The monsoon and the Western Disturbance are the two main factors that change the weather over Islamabad; otherwise, Continental air prevails for rest of the season. Following are the main factors that influence the weather over Islamabad.

The following is the monthly summary of the climatic conditions in Islamabad.

January is the coldest month of Islamabad. In January the weather of Islamabad is mild. Rains in this month is heavy like in other season of the city. There have been rare instances of snowfall.Western Disturbance has a great influence in the winter of the city. it produces rains and sometimes hailstorms. The highest temperature is 30.1 °C (86.2 °F) (1995) and lowest temperature is −3.9 °C (25.0 °F) (1967). While the heaviest rainfall for this month is 166.7 millimetres (6.56 in) (1954).

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Answer 2

Climate of Lahore

Lahore features a five-season semi-arid climate (Köppen climate classification BSh)(from another source: Composite monsoon climate) with five seasons: foggy winter (15 Nov – 15 Feb) with few western disturbances causing rain; pleasant spring (16 Feb – 15 April); summer (15 April – June) with dust, rain storms and heat wave periods; rainy monsoon (July – 16 September); and dry autumn (16 September –14 November).

The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed 40 °C (104.0 °F). The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfalls and evening thunderstorms with the possibility of cloudbursts. The coolest month is January with dense fog.

The city’s highest maximum temperature was 48.3 °C (118.9 °F) recorded on May 30, 1944. And 48 °C (118 °F) was recorded on June 9, 2007. The lowest temperature recorded in Lahore is –1°C, recorded on 13 January 1967. The highest rainfall in the city recorded during 24 hours is 221 millimetres (8.7 in), which occurred on 13 August 2008.

Monsoons and western disturbances are the two main factors that affect the weather in Lahore; otherwise, continental air prevails for rest of the seasons. Following are the main factors that influence the weather of Lahore.

The average monsoon rainfall precipitation in Lahore is 628.8 millimetres (24.76 in). Monsoon rains commence from the last week of June and persist until the end of September. In 2009, Lahore saw below-normal monsoon rainfalls due to the presence of El-Nino over Pakistan. Following are monsoon rainfall precipitation data for Lahore since 2007, taken from the Pakistan Meteorological Department:

Lahore mainly receives its rainfall during the monsoon season from June till September, and in winter season from December till February. The highest-ever annual rainfall in Lahore was recorded in 2011 when 1,576.8 millimetres (62.08 in) of rainfall was recorded. Lahore received below normal rains in 2009, and normal rains in 2007 and 2010. The following is the Annual rainfall in Lahore since 2007 based on data from the Pakistan Meteorological Department.

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Answer 3

Climate of Rawalpindi

Coordinates: 33°36′N 73°03′E / 33.6°N 73.05°E / 33.6; 73.05 Rawalpindi features a humid subtropical climate (Köppen: Cwa) with long and hot summers, a monsoon and short, mild and wet winters. Its climate is classified as very similar to its twin city Islamabad, but the geographical location and extreme urbanization of Rawalpindi has led to weather and climatic conditions that are notably different from its twin. Rawalpindi's weather has historically been known to change rather quickly due to its proximity to Himalayas and the Pir Panjal Range. These mountains not only influence the weather of the city, but also provide great recreation during the hot months. Furthermore, Its warm comfortable mean annual temperature of 21.3 °C (70 °F) attracts people to live here permanently from all over Pakistan. The average annual rainfall is abundant at 1,249 millimetres (49.2 in), most of which falls in the monsoon season. However, frontal cloud bands also bring significant rainfall in the winter. In summers, June is the hottest with record maximum temperature at a blistering 48.3 °C (119 °F) recorded on 13 June 1953. On the other hand, January is the coldest month of the year when temperature can drop to a minimum −3.9 °C (25 °F) in the winter recorded on 17 January 1967. Throughout the year, Rawalpindi and Islamabad experience an average of about 90 thunderstorms, which is the highest frequency of thunderstorms in Punjab province of any plane station. In fact, most rainfall in the city is accompanied by a thunderstorm with peak activity experienced in August. Record rainfall was experienced in the year 2013 at a massive 1,952 millimetres (76.9 in) mostly due to an unusually wet monsoon season. On a typical day, the city hosts breezy afternoons (30 kilometres per hour (19 mph)+), but usually calm to light breeze (Beaufort scale) wind conditions are observed after midnight. The mean annual wind speed of Rawalpindi is roughly 10 kilometres per hour (6.2 mph) at 14 m height. Moreover, just a few kilometers southwest of Rawalpindi, the potential power generation has been identified by U.S. Aid to be between marginal to good (5.4 metres per second (19 km/h) to 7.4 metres per second (27 km/h)) at 50 m height.

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Answer 4

Climate of Faisalabad

Coordinates: 31°15′0″N 73°03′0″E / 31.25000°N 73.05000°E / 31.25000; 73.05000 The climate of Faisalabad features a semi-arid climate (BWh) in Köppen-Geiger classification with very hot and humid summers and dry cool winters. The average maximum and minimum temperatures in June are 40.5 °C (104.9 °F) and 26.9 °C (80.4 °F). In January the average minimum and maximum are 19.4 °C (66.9 °F) and 4.1 °C (39.4 °F).

The summer season starts in mid-April and continues until late October. May and June are the hottest months, while July, August and the first half of September can be oppressively humid, except for the days when it rains. June is the hottest month in Faisalabad, when conditions are dry and dust storms are common. The coldest month is January, which is also a dry month with significant foggy days. The fog is particularly dense at night and in early morning hours. The winter season starts in November and continues until early February. Spring begins after mid-February and lasts usually until late March, when temperatures begin to rise and conditions become drier and sunnier. The average annual rainfall is only about 375 millimetres (14.8 in), which is highly seasonal since approximately half of the yearly rainfall takes place in July and August during the monsoon season.

The temperature of the city has reached a summer maximum record temperature of 48.0 °C (118.4 °F), which was observed on 9 June 1947 and again on 26 May 2010. An extreme minimum temperature of −4.0 °C (24.8 °F) was recorded on 15 January 1978. The record 24-hour rainfall stands at a massive 264.2 millimetres (10.40 in) recorded on 5 September 1961, which is roughly 70 percent of the city's annual average rainfall. The highest wind gust ever recorded in Faisalabad occurred during a severe dust-thunderstorm on 2 June 2000, when the maximum wind speed reached 151 kilometres per hour (94 mph).

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Answer 5

Climate of Gwadar

Coordinates: 25°07′35″N 62°19′21″E / 25.12639°N 62.32250°E / 25.12639; 62.32250

The climate of Gwadar is located at 0 metres (0 ft)–300 metres (984 ft) meters above sea level, features dry and hot arid climate. The oceanic influence keeps the temperature lower than that in the summer and higher in winter. The mean temperature in the hottest month of June remains between 31 °C (88 °F) and 32 °C (90 °F). The mean temperature in the coldest month of January varies from 18 °C (64 °F) to 19 °C (66 °F). The uniformity of temperature is a unique characteristic of the coastal region in Balochistan. Occasionally, winds moving down the Balochistan plateau bring cold spells, otherwise the winter is pleasant. In Gwadar, winter is shorter than summer. Gwadar's weather is identical to that of the Middle East as most rain occurs from December till January. The highest rainfall of 227 millimetres (8.9 in) in 24 hours was recorded on 6 June 2010.

Gwadar being near the Arabian peninsula has hot and dry weather almost all year round. Following are the main factors that influence the weather over Gwadar.

Following is the monthly summary of climatic conditions in Gwadar.

January is the coldest month of the city with lowest temperature of 2.3 °C (36.1 °F) on 31 January 2001 while the highest temperature is 31.1 °C (88.0 °F) recorded on 30 January 1963.Western Disturbance plays a vital role in the weather of Gwadar as most winter rains are dumped by it. Gwadar being close to the border of Iran gets moderate to above moderate rain in this month as Western disturbances are strong near western borders of Pakistan. The highest rain for this month is 199.1 millimetres (7.84 in) recorded in 1970 while the average is 25.9 millimetres (1.02 in). The heaviest rain in 24 hours occurred on 13 January 1970 that is 99 millimetres (3.9 in).

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Answer 6

Climate of Hyderabad, Sindh

Coordinates: 25°22′45″N 68°22′06″E / 25.37917°N 68.36833°E / 25.37917; 68.36833

The climate of Hyderabad features an arid climate. The days are hot and dry, usually going up to extreme highs of 40 °C (104 °F), while the nights are cool and breezy. Winds usually bring along clouds of dust, and people prefer staying indoors in the daytime, while the breezes at night are pleasant and clean.

In recent years Hyderabad has seen heavy downpours. In February 2003, Hyderabad received 105 millimetres (4.1 in) of rain in 12 hours, due to a sudden climate change. The years 2006, 2007 and 2009 saw close contenders to this record rainfall.

The monsoon and the Western Disturbance are the two main factors that change the weather over Hyderabad; otherwise, Continental air prevails for rest of the seasons. Following are the main factors that influence the weather over Hyderabad city.

Like other cities, Hyderabad has four seasons: winter, summer, autumn and spring. The monsoon season occurs in the summer.

The winter season begins in the month of December and lasts till February. The Western Disturbance influences the winter season. The lowest temperature in the winter was 3.3 °C (37.9 °F), recorded on January 21, 1973. The highest temperature in winter was 38.2 °C (100.8 °F), recorded on February 16, 1993. Light to moderate showers occur in winter, which decreases the temperature further due to the Western Disturbance. The highest monthly rainfall in winter 106 millimetres (4.2 in) was recorded in February 2003. The fastest rainfall in 24 hours was also recorded on 18 February 2003: 105 millimetres (4.1 in) was recorded in less than 12 hours.

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Answer 7

Climate of Karachi

Coordinates: 24°51′N 67°02′E / 24.850°N 67.033°E / 24.850; 67.033Karachi has an arid climate, albeit a moderate version of this climate. Karachi is located on the coast and as a result has a relatively mild climate. Karachi has two main seasons; Summer & Winter, while spring and autumn are very short. Summer season persists for longest period during the year. The level of precipitation is low for most of the year. Less precipitation during summer is due to inversion layer. Karachi also receives the monsoon rains from July to September. The city enjoys a tropical climate encompassing mild winters and warm summers. The humidity levels usually remain high from March to November, while very low in Winter as the wind direction in winter is North Easterly. Tropical Cyclones forms in the Arabian Sea in the Pre-Monsoon Season, mostly in the month of June. Since summer temperatures (From the end of April till the end of August) are approximately 30 °C (86 °F) to 36 °C (97 °F), the winter months (From November till the end of March) are the best time to visit Karachi. Most visitors, tourists come to Karachi during the month of December.

The monsoon and the Western Disturbance are the two main factors which alter the weather over Karachi; otherwise, Continental air prevails for rest of the year. Following are the main factors that affect the weather over Karachi city.

Like all other cities, Karachi has four seasons, that are Winter, Summer, Autumn and Spring. The spring and autumn, however, are indistinguishable from Summer and Winter since there is no drastic change in temperatures. Summer (March to November) and winter (December to February) are the only prevalent seasons in Karachi, with spring and autumn failing to make their presence felt. Given below is a month-by-month description of the weather prevailing in Karachi:

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Answer 8

Climate of Multan

Coordinates: 30°12′0″N 71°25′0″E / 30.20000°N 71.41667°E / 30.20000; 71.41667

Multan is located in the southern part of Punjab, province in Pakistan.Multan features an arid climate with very hot summers and cold winters. The city witnesses some of the most extreme temperatures in the country.Dust storms are a common occurrence within the city. The closest major city is Bahawalpur. The area around the city is a flat plain and is ideal for agriculture, with many citrus and mango farms. There are many canals that cut across the Multan District, providing water from nearby farms. This makes the land very fertile. However usually land close to the Chenab River are flooded in the monsoon season.

The monsoon and the Western Disturbance are the two main factors that change the weather over Multan; otherwise, Continental air prevails for rest of the seasons. Following are the main factors that influence the weather over Multan.

Multan has four seasons: Winter, Summer, Autumn and Spring. The monsoon season also occurs in Summer.

The winter season begins from the month of December and last till February. Western Disturbance influence the winter season. The average lowest January temperature in the season of winter is 4.5 °C (40.1 °F). While the average highest temperature in winter was recorded in the month of December which is of 22.7 °C (72.9 °F). Heavy rains occur in winter which decrease the temperature further. Hailstorms also occur due to Western Disturbance. The highest monthly rainfall in winter occurs in February that is 9.2 millimetres (0.36 in).

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Answer 9

Climate of Nawabshah

Coordinates: 26°15′0″N 68°25′25″E / 26.25000°N 68.42361°E / 26.25000; 68.42361 The climate of Nawabshah is hot to extremely hot during the summers and cold/foggy during the winters. The highest temperatures each year in Pakistan, typically rising to above 50 °C (122 °F), are usually recorded in Nawabshah District and Sibbi from May to August. On 26 May 2010 record breaking severe heat wave hit the city and the mercury level reached 52 °C (126 °F) which is the highest temperature ever recorded in Nawabshah. The climate is generally dry and hot, but sometimes the temperature falls to 0 °C (32 °F). On January 7, 2011 temperatures dropped to 4 °C (39 °F) in the city.

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Answer 10

Climate of Peshawar

The Peshawar is situated near the eastern end of the Khyber Pass and sits mainly on the Iranian plateau along with the rest of the Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. Peshawar is literally a frontier city of South-Central Asia and was historically part of the Silk Road.

The Valley of Peshawar is covered with consolidated deposits of silt, sands and gravel of recent geological times. The flood Plains/Zones are the areas between Kabul River and Budni Nala. The meander flood plain extends from Warsak in the Northwest towards Southeast in the upper Northern half of the district. The Kabul river enters the district in the Northwest. On entering the Peshawar Plain, the Kabul River is divided into several channels. Its two main channels are the Adizai River Eastward flows along the boundary with Charsadda District. Another channel branching from the right bank of the Naguman River is the Shah Alam, which again merges with Naguman River further in the East. In general the sub-soil strata is composed of gravels, boulders, and sands overlain by silts and clays. Sand, gravel and boulders are important aquifer extends to a depth of about 200 feet (61 m). As further confined water bearing aquifer occurs at depths greater than 400 feet (120 m).

Winter in Peshawar starts from mid November to the end of March. Summer months are May to September. The mean maximum temperature in summer is over 40 °C (104 °F) and the mean minimum temperature is 25 °C (77 °F). The mean minimum temperature during winter is 4 °C (39 °F) and maximum is 18.35 °C (65.03 °F).

Peshawar is not situated in the monsoon region, unlike the other northern parts of Pakistan. But occasionally monsoon currents make it as far as Peshawar causing downpours. This can be witnessed in the erratic monsoon of 2015 when the monsoon moisture was going well into eastern Afghanistan. The winter rainfall due to western disturbances shows a higher record during the months of February and April. The highest winter rainfall has been recorded in March, while the highest summer rainfall in the month of August. The average winter rainfall is higher than that of the summer. Based on a 30-year record, the average 30-year annual precipitation has been recorded as 400 millimetres (16 in). The relative humidity varies from 46% in June to 76% in August.

Peshawar’s environment has suffered tremendously due to an ever increasing population, unplanned growth and a poor regulatory framework. Air and noise pollution is a significant issue in several parts of the city, and the water quality, once considered to be exceptionally good, is also fast deteriorating.

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